Two essential elements in the architectural design of any dwelling across human cultures and civil societies throughout the ages provide protection from external factors, a private sanctuary for its occupants, and other important benefits: the exterior fence and the interior courtyard (al-hawsh).
Their presence in urban dwellings is essential, regardless of the land area. However, as the area increases, the size of the courtyard and the open-to-sky space naturally expand.
Despite cultural differences, the courtyard is found in Eastern design at the center of the house, while in Western design, it is located within the fence, either in front of, around, or behind the residential building. All of these are situated within the property boundaries.
However, the Municipal Council and the Kuwait Municipality have abolished these two important features from the lexicon of the Kuwaiti home by incorporating the entire land area into the residential envelope.
The result: the Kuwaiti home has transformed into a concrete box and a tent without a fence or courtyard, leading to a host of damages for its occupants, its surroundings, and the country.
